Losartan + Hydrochlorothiazide Tablets

Hydroxychloroquine

Tablet

Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate tablets contain an active substance called hydroxychloroquine sulfate, which is in a class of antiviral medications that was first used to prevent and treat malaria. It is also a disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) that can decrease the pain and swelling of arthritis. It may prevent joint damage and reduce the risk of long-term disability.
Hydroxychloroquine is used to treat malaria. It is also used to prevent malaria infection in areas or regions where it is known that other medicines (eg, chloroquine) may not work. Hydroxychloroquine may also be used to treat coronavirus (COVID-19) in certain hospitalized patients.
It can be used for:

• Rheumatoid Arthritis (inflammation of the joints)
• Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (in children)
• Discoid and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (a disease of the skin or the internal organs)
• Skin problems that are sensitive to sunlight

Speciality	Rheumatology | Infectious Diseases | Immunology
Tags	Antimalarial | Rheumatoid Arthritis | Lupus | Autoimmune Therapy
Strength	200 mg	300 mg
Packing	10 Tablets

Mechanism

Hydroxychloroquine interferes with lysosomal activity and antigen presentation, modulates cytokine production, and stabilizes lysosomal membranes. In malaria, it accumulates in parasite food vacuoles, interfering with heme detoxification and leading to parasite death.

Pharmacokinetics

• Absorption: Rapid oral absorption.
• Distribution: Widely distributed in tissues (liver, spleen, kidney, lung, melanin-containing tissues).
• Metabolism: Hepatic metabolism.
• Elimination: Excreted in urine.
• Half-life: ~40–50 days (due to tissue binding).

Side Effects

• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
• Headache, dizziness
• Skin rash, pruritus
• Retinopathy (long-term use)
• Rare: cardiomyopathy, myopathy

Contraindication

• Hypersensitivity to Hydroxychloroquine or related compounds
• Pre-existing retinopathy
• Severe hepatic or renal impairment
• Pregnancy — use only if benefits outweigh risks

Interaction

• Digoxin: Increased plasma levels.
• Antiepileptics: May reduce seizure threshold.
• Other antimalarials: Additive toxicity.
• CYP inhibitors/inducers: May alter metabolism.

Warning & Precautions

• Baseline and periodic ophthalmologic exams required.
• Monitor liver and renal function during therapy.
• Use cautiously in patients with cardiac disease.
• Discontinue if visual disturbances or muscle weakness occur.

Dosage

As directed by the Physician.